Cancerul mamar
Etiologie - fact ext
Iradierea
Proteine, grasimi si dulciuri fine
Radiatii uv
Traumatisme mamare
Alcool
Tutun
Stress
Contraceptive orale
Inf virale
Toxice
Fact endogeni
Varsta - 45-49 ; 60-65
Menarha precoce si menopauza tardiva
Nuliparitatea
Alaptatul
Obezitatea
Stari precanceroase (boala fibrochistica)
Tu benigne
Deficite imune
Tulb endocrine
Fact genetici
Evolutie
Locala 1-2 ani, <1 cm
Extensie locala - travee conj, limfatice, capilare
Regionala - adenopatia axilara, subclaviculara
La distanta - plaman, oase, ficat, cerebrale, ovariene, cutanate
Diagnostic
Clinic
Imagistic
De laborator
Clinic - inspectia
Volumul celor 2 sani
Proeminente anormale sau depresiuni
Roseata teg, edem cutanat, dilatarea venelor subcut
Retractia si devierea mamelon, cruste, eroziuni, ulceratii
Axila, supraclavicular
Diagnostic diferential
Infectii nespecifice (mastita, abces)
Inflam specifice (TBC, sifilis) - rar
Chiste mamare
Chist hidatic
Tu benigne
Dermatite
Anatomopatologie
Epiteliale - majorit (ductal, lobular, medular, b. Paget, coloid, papilar)
Nonepiteliale - tu Phyllodes maligne, sarcoame, limfoame
Meta - dupa osteosarcoame, melanoame
Radioterapia
Externa (cobaltroane, acceleratoare lineare)
Curieterapia interstitiala
Chimioterapia
Poate fi : adjuvanta (dupa chir), neoadjuv (tu avansate) si paleativa
Medic : Doxorubicina, 5FU, Ciclofosfamida, Metotrexat
Hormonoterapia
Tu hormonodep (receptori +)
Antiestrogeni (Tamoxifen)
Antiaromataze (aminoglutetimida)
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